Aortic aneurysms and dissections are serious conditions that affect the aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body. An aneurysm is a bulge or weakness in the wall of the aorta, while a dissection is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta that allows blood to flow between the layers.
Symptoms
- Severe, sudden pain in the chest, back, or abdomen
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness or fainting
- Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
- Loss of consciousness
Causes
- High blood pressure
- Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
- Genetic conditions (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)
- Injury or trauma to the chest or abdomen
- Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)
Diagnosis
- Physical exam and medical history: Checking your symptoms and learning about your health background.
- Computed tomography angiogram (CTA): A detailed scan that shows the blood vessels and helps spot any problems.
- Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA): A scan that uses magnets to create clear images of the blood vessels.
- Echocardiogram: An ultrasound that shows how your heart and aorta are working.
- Aortogram: An X-ray that looks at the aorta after a dye is injected to see any blockages or tears.
Treatment Options
- Physical exam and medical history: Checking your symptoms and learning about your health background.
- Computed tomography angiogram (CTA): A detailed scan that shows the blood vessels and helps spot any problems.
- Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA): A scan that uses magnets to create clear images of the blood vessels.
- Echocardiogram: An ultrasound that shows how your heart and aorta are working.
- Aortogram: An X-ray that looks at the aorta after a dye is injected to see any blockages or tears.
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