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Intra-Abdominal Injuries at Birth: What You Need to Know

Intra-abdominal injuries in newborns are relatively rare but can be life-threatening if not identified and treated promptly. The most serious complication of such injuries is internal bleeding, with the liver being the most commonly affected organ.

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Symptoms

  • Sudden or slow onset of shock (circulatory collapse)
  • Pale skin (pallor)
  • Unexplained low red blood cell count (anemia)
  • Swollen abdomen (abdominal distension)
  • Bluish tint to the skin over the abdomen

Causes

  • Injuries during birth, particularly in cases requiring vigorous or unusual resuscitation efforts.

Diagnosis

  • While X-rays or other imaging may suggest internal bleeding, they aren’t definitive.
  • A procedure called paracentesis, where a needle is used to remove fluid from the abdomen, is the preferred method for diagnosis.

Treatment Options

  • Immediate Action:
    • Rapid identification and stabilization of the baby are crucial.
    • The first step in treatment is often a blood transfusion to manage the bleeding.
  • Coagulation Issues:
    • If there is ongoing difficulty with blood clotting, treatments may include fresh frozen plasma, platelet transfusions, and other supportive measures.
  • Timing:
    • Symptoms of hepatic rupture typically become apparent either immediately after birth or within the first few hours to days.

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We teach children and families how to care for them and prevent future cases

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