Diabetes Mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a condition that affects how the body processes blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is a vital source of energy for the body’s cells, but for it to be used effectively, the body needs insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. In children with diabetes, either the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use it properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. There are two main types of diabetes in children: Type 1 and Type 2.
- Type 1 Diabetes: This is the most common type in children. It’s an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces little to no insulin, requiring lifelong management.
- Type 2 Diabetes: This type is less common in children but has been increasing due to rising obesity rates. In Type 2 diabetes, the body still produces insulin, but it doesn’t use it effectively, a condition known as insulin resistance.
